3D Printing, Histological, and Radiological Analysis of Nanosilicate-Polysaccharide Composite Hydrogel as a Tissue-Equivalent Material for Complex Biological Bone Phantom

Nanosilicate-polysaccharide composite hydrogels are a well-studied class of materials in regenerative medicine that combine good 3D printability, staining, and biological properties, making them an excellent candidate material for complex bone scaffolds. The aim this study was to develop hydrogel suitable printing has radiological properties similar those the natural protocols their histological analysis. We synthesized based on alginate, methylcellulose, laponite, then printed it into series bioscaffolds. scaffolds were scanned with CT CBCT scanners exported as DICOM datasets, cut slides stained using standard protocols. From average value voxels Hounsfield Units (HU) calculated compared trabecular bone. In sections, we tested effect stains matrix context future cytological results confirmed alginate/methylcellulose/laponite-based can be used high fidelity three-dimensional This opens avenue development dynamic physical phantoms tissue engineering new CT-based imaging algorithms needs radiology radiation therapy.